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Why do stones form in the
urinary tract?
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It is possible that
several metabolic factors in combination
with the lack of adequate hydration,
often relatively difficult to produce
substances dissolved in urine, which are
converted into crystals and eventually
form kidney stones.
Up to 10% of men kidney stones are
calcium oxalate, at some point in their
lives. The man tends two to three times
higher than women, calcium kidney
stones. The calculations identified less
often are the following: magnesium -
ammonia - sulfate, uric acid and cystine.
Kidney stones may be
discovered anywhere in the urinary
tract, but most are likely to be
symptomatic when they are located in the
ureter. Renal colic caused by falling of
a stone through the ureter, it often
causes spasm and pain of great
intensity, which is located on the
affected side and duration can vary as
the frequency of presentation.
If the calculation is impacting on the
junction of the ureter to the bladder,
can cause symptoms like frequent
urination with urgency, bladder
discomfort and sometimes bleeding. The
abdominal and pelvic examination are
normal during the acute attack of colic,
but the percussion of the kidney and
increases pain worsens.
The most useful initial test lab is the
presence of blood in the urine. The Rx
is also helpful to locate the
calculations of calcium and magnesium,
and the urogram provides data about the
degree of obstruction of the ureter and
kidney damage secondary structural and
functional ability also.
It is important to get the calculation
for study and determining the origin of
the problem.
Treatment to prevent recurrent stone
formation, including the correction of
any metabolic abnormality and maintain
adequate hydration (over two liters of
water per day)
The calculations obstructive staying in
the ureter sometimes require surgery or
extraction by cystoscopy.
The large stones located in the renal
pelvis may be fragmented with shock
waves of high energy, a procedure known
as Extracorporeal Lithotripsy. This will
cause the fragmentation of stones to a
size small enough to be eliminated
spontaneously through the urinary tract.
In Guayaquil, there are only three
institutions with extracorporeal
lithotripsy machine, one of which is the
Hospital of the Honorable Louis Vernaza
Welfare Board of Guayaquil, where they
have handled hundreds of cases with
great success in San Guillermo room.
