What are the causes of chronic pelvic pain. ?

The typical patient with chronic pelvic pain is found in the reproductive age (20 to 40 years) and very likely to be married and with a history of a previous pregnancy. Menstrual cycles can be both regular and irregular, and at the same time may accompany menstrual cramps. The location can be specific, generalized or variable.

The investigation includes an integrated and systematic examination of the pelvis, including: peritoneum, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and other pelvic organs, and so on.

The peritoneal factor may encompass the following: irritation by blood or pus, lacerations or tears, endometriosis, adhesions.

At the level of the uterus causes for pain include fibroids (benign tumors formed from the same muscle of the uterus) and endometrial implants in the muscular wall of the uterus known as adenomyosis. The classic symptoms are menstrual cramps and heavy menstrual bleeding. In these cases the removal of the uterus is considered effective.

Lesions of the fallopian tube as a result of infections, previous surgery or endometriosis can cause tubal adhesions and pain. So also when there is torsion or tissue injury of the fallopian tube after ligation.

In the ovary we find the presence of cysts, tumors or multiple microcysts (polycystic ovary) Large cysts and tumors can cause pain resulting from torsion, compression, or hemorrhage.
  
As for the other pelvic organs can cause irritable bowel discomfort, gallbladder stones, appendicitis. There may also be pain from spasm of muscles of the pelvis.

Treatment is aimed at correcting the underlying cause of the trouble and eliminate it as possible.
 

 

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